Introduction
The SI joint connects the spine to the pelvis. Sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion is a procedure used to cure chronic pain in the SI joint. Dysfunction in this joint is often due to arthritis, trauma, or pregnancy-related issues. This can lead to severe pain in the lower back, buttocks, and legs. During this surgery, screws or other implants are used to stabilize the joint and stimulate bone growth between the sacrum and ilium, reducing pain. This procedure is typically recommended when treatments like physical therapy, medications, or spinal injections have failed.
SI joint fusion can be performed through minimally invasive methods, which minimizes recovery time and post-operative discomfort. After surgery, patients often undergo rehabilitation to regain strength and joint stability.
Why is it performed?
Usually, SI joint fusion is done to relieve persistent pain caused by SI joint dysfunction. Trauma, degenerative disorders like osteoarthritis, or ailments like sacroiliitis can all lead to this syndrome. This technique might be a viable option for patients who have chronic lower back, hip, or leg discomfort that hasn’t gone away with non-surgical therapy.
How is it performed?
Usually, a minimally invasive technique is used for the procedure. A guided imaging technique, such as fluoroscopy, is used to help the surgeon put specialized implants or screws across the SI joint after making small incisions. In addition to stabilizing the joint, these implants promote the gradual union of the ilium and sacral bones.
Possible complications
As with any surgical procedure, SI joint fusion comes with potential risks. This can include-
- Infection, nerve damage, bleeding, or improper placement of the implants.
- Some patients experience adverse reaction to anesthesia,
- In rare cases, ongoing pain if the joint does not fuse properly.